Correct Option (B):
Statement 2 is correct. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), consisting of 17 goals and 169 targets, are the central component of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This agenda was adopted by all United Nations Member States in September 2015, with the explicit aim of achieving these goals by the year 2030.
Incorrect Options:
Statement 1 is incorrect. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were not first proposed by the 'Club of Rome' in 1972. The Club of Rome, a global think tank, published its significant report 'The Limits to Growth' in 1972, which explored the potential consequences of exponential economic and population growth on finite resources. The SDGs were developed by the United Nations as a successor framework to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and were formally adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015.
Option (A) is incorrect because Statement 1 is factually inaccurate.
Option (C) is incorrect as it includes Statement 1, which is false.
Option (D) is incorrect because Statement 2 is factually correct.