The correct option is (b) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is the implementing body of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which entered into force in 1997. Its mandate is to oversee the global endeavor to permanently eliminate chemical weapons.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. The OPCW is an independent, autonomous international organization. It is not an organization of the European Union (EU). While it is headquartered in The Hague (Netherlands) and has a relationship agreement with the United Nations, it operates independently of the EU, NATO, or WHO structures.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The OPCW implements a verification regime to ensure that chemicals are used only for peaceful purposes. It monitors the global chemical industry through inspections to prevent the diversion of toxic chemicals for the development of new weapons.
- Statement 3 is Correct. Under Article X of the Chemical Weapons Convention, the OPCW is mandated to provide assistance and protection to Member States against the use or threat of use of chemical weapons. This includes providing emergency response support and protective equipment.
Key Takeaway:
The OPCW is the autonomous global watchdog for the Chemical Weapons Convention, responsible for verifying the destruction of existing stockpiles and monitoring industrial activities to prevent proliferation.