UPSC CSE Prelims 2016
The Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) initiative, launched by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2002, aims at the dynamic conservation and adaptive management of traditional agricultural systems. Its primary goal is to identify and safeguard eco-friendly traditional farm practices, along with their associated landscapes, agricultural biodiversity, and indigenous knowledge systems of local communities. This approach supports sustainable development by valuing and preserving unique agricultural heritage and its cultural significance. Therefore, statement 2 accurately reflects an overall goal of the GIAHS initiative.
Statement 1 is incorrect. The GIAHS initiative does not primarily focus on providing modern technology, training in modern farming methods, or financial support to greatly enhance agricultural productivity through the replacement of traditional systems. Instead, its emphasis is on the conservation and sustainable management of existing traditional systems, promoting their resilience and adaptation without necessarily introducing high-input modern technologies.
Statement 3 is incorrect. The GIAHS status is distinct from Geographical Indication (GI) status. GIAHS designation recognizes the heritage value of agricultural systems, while GI status is a legal protection granted to products originating from a specific geographical area, possessing qualities or a reputation due to that origin. GIAHS status does not automatically confer GI status to agricultural produce within the identified areas.
Options (A), (C), and (D) are incorrect as they include at least one incorrect statement (1 or 3).