Indian Polity : Historical Background & Making Of The Constitution

Q 19 / 24

UPSC CSE Prelims 2002

Match List-I (Acts of Colonial Government of India) with List-II (Provisions) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

List-I List-II
(Acts of Colonial (Provisions) (Government of India)
A. Charter Act, 1813 1. Set up a Board of Control in Britain to fully regulate the East
India
B. Regulating Act 2. Company's trade monopoly in India was ended
C. Act of 1858 3. The power to govern was transferred from the East India Company
to the British Crown
D. Pitt's India Act 4. The Company's directors were asked to present to the British
govemment ail correspondence and documents pertaining to the
administration of the company

EXPLANATION

Correct Option (A):

  • A. Charter Act, 1813 (Provision 2): This Act abolished the trade monopoly of the East India Company in India, except for trade in tea and trade with China. This provision opened Indian trade to all British merchants.
  • B. Regulating Act, 1773 (Provision 4): This Act mandated the Court of Directors of the East India Company to submit all correspondence and documents related to the administration of civil, military, and revenue affairs in India to the British government.
  • C. Act of 1858 (Provision 3): Enacted in the aftermath of the Revolt of 1857, this Act transferred the governance of India from the East India Company directly to the British Crown. It abolished the Board of Control and Court of Directors, establishing the office of the Secretary of State for India.
  • D. Pitt's India Act, 1784 (Provision 1): This Act established a Board of Control in Britain to supervise and direct all operations of the civil and military government or revenues of the British possessions in India, thereby regulating the Company's political and administrative functions.

Incorrect Options:

Options 2, 3, and 4 present incorrect pairings between the Acts and their provisions. The provisions listed in List-II are specifically associated with the Acts as detailed in the correct option. For instance, the establishment of the Board of Control (Provision 1) was a feature of Pitt's India Act, 1784, not the Charter Act, 1813. Similarly, the transfer of power to the British Crown (Provision 3) occurred under the Act of 1858, not the Regulating Act, 1773. The correct matches are essential for understanding the constitutional development under British rule.

SOURCEIndian Polity by M. Laxmikanth, Chapter 1: Historical Background