UPSC CSE Prelims 2023
Statement 1 is correct. The G-20 group was originally established in 1999 as a forum for the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors of major economies. Its primary purpose was to facilitate discussions on international economic and financial stability issues. Following the 2008 global financial crisis, its role was elevated to include meetings of Heads of State/Government, making it the premier forum for international economic cooperation.
Statement 2 is correct. During India's G-20 Presidency in 2023, Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) was identified as one of the key priorities. This focus drew upon India's experience in developing and implementing successful DPI platforms such as Aadhaar, the Unified Payments Interface (UPI), and CoWIN. Other significant priorities for India's presidency included green development, women-led development, and reforms of multilateral institutions.
Options (A), (B), and (D) are incorrect because both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are factually accurate regarding the G-20's foundational purpose and India's G-20 priorities, respectively. Therefore, the option indicating that both statements are correct is the appropriate choice.