"In simple matters like shoe-making, we think" only a specially trained person will service our purpose, but in politics, we presume that everyone who knows how to get votes knows how to administer a State. When we are ill we call for a trained physician, whose degree is a guarantee of specific preparation and technical competence--we do not ask for the handsomest physician, or the most eloquent, one: well then, when the whole State is ill should we not look for the service and guidance of the wisest and the best?"

Correct Option (C)

The passage highlights a critical distinction between specialized professions, such as shoemaking and medicine, where specific training and competence are prerequisites, and the field of politics. The author argues that governing a state, especially when facing challenges, demands the guidance of "the wisest and the best," implying a need for expertise and capability beyond mere electoral success. Therefore, the core message advocates for the implementation of systems or methods to prevent individuals lacking the necessary competence from holding public office.

Incorrect Options:

Option (A): The passage observes a societal tendency to assume that a politician is qualified to administer a state merely by virtue of being elected. However, the author critically challenges this assumption rather than endorsing it as a valid principle.

Option (B): While the passage emphasizes the importance of competence and wisdom in political administration, it does not exclusively state that politicians must be selected solely from those with administrative training. The focus is on ensuring capability, irrespective of the specific background, provided the individual possesses the requisite expertise.

Option (D): The passage directly questions the premise that the ability to secure votes automatically qualifies a politician to administer a state. It challenges the notion that electoral success alone renders a politician's eligibility unquestionable, advocating instead for a focus on administrative competence.