What is/are common to the two historical places known as Ajanta and Mahabalipuram?

Correct Option

3 only

Both Ajanta and Mahabalipuram are renowned for their rock-cut architectural marvels.

• Ajanta: Features numerous rock-cut cave temples and monastic complexes, primarily Buddhist.
• Mahabalipuram: Known for its monolithic rock-cut temples (Rathas), cave temples, and large relief sculptures carved from rock, predominantly Hindu.

Incorrect Options

• Statement 1: Ajanta caves were primarily developed during two distinct phases, with significant activity occurring under the Vakatakas and Guptas (roughly 2nd century BCE to 6th century CE). Mahabalipuram's monuments were constructed mainly during the Pallava dynasty (7th to 8th centuries CE). These periods are distinct, indicating they were not built in the same period.
• Statement 2: Ajanta caves are exclusively associated with Buddhism, serving as monasteries and prayer halls. Mahabalipuram's architectural complexes are predominantly Hindu, dedicated to deities like Shiva and Vishnu, reflecting Shaivite and Vaishnavite traditions. Thus, they do not belong to the same religious denomination.