Which of the following are associated with 'Planning' in India?

Correct Option (c):

The National Development Council (NDC) was the apex body in India responsible for deliberating on and approving the Five-Year Plans formulated by the Planning Commission. It provided final approval to the draft plans, ensuring coordination between the Union government and states.

Parliament played a crucial role in the planning process by discussing and approving the Five-Year Plans and their associated budgetary allocations. This legislative approval provided the necessary sanction for the implementation of planning initiatives.

Incorrect Options:

The Finance Commission is a constitutional body primarily tasked with recommending the distribution of tax revenues between the Union and states, and among states, as well as suggesting grants-in-aid. Its mandate is fiscal devolution and federal financial relations, not the formulation or approval of national development plans.

The Union Ministry of Rural Development and the Union Ministry of Urban Development are implementing agencies. They are responsible for executing specific schemes and programs within their respective sectors, as outlined in the national plans. However, they do not formulate the overarching national economic plans themselves.