Comprehension : Comprehension

Q 343 / 466

UPSC CSE Prelims 2014

Read the following passage and answer the items that follow. Your answers to these items should be based on the passage only.

Many nations now place their faith in capitalism and governments choose it as the strategy to create wealth for their people. The spectacular economic growth seen in Brazil, China and India after the liberalization of their economies is proof of its enormous potential and success. However, the global banking crisis and the economic recession have left many bewildered. The debates tend to focus on free market operations and forces, their efficiency and their ability for self-correction. Issues of justice, integrity and honesty are rarely elaborated to highlight the failure of the global banking system. The apologists of the system continue to justify the success of capitalism and argue that the recent crisis was a blip. Their arguments betray an ideological bias with the assumptions that an unregulated market is fair and competent, and that the exercise of private greed will be in the larger public interest. Few recognize the bidirectional relationship between capitalism and greed: that each reinforces the other Surely, a more honest conceptualization of the conflicts of interest among the rich and powerful players who have benefited from the system, their biases and ideology is needed; the focus on the wealth creation should also highlight the resultant gross inequity. The apologists of the ‘Free Market System’, according to the passage, believe in:

EXPLANATION

Correct Option (A)

The passage explicitly states that the arguments of the apologists "betray an ideological bias with the assumptions that an unregulated market is fair and competent". An "unregulated market" directly implies a market operating without control by government authorities. Therefore, the belief in a market free from government control is a fundamental aspect of their ideology as described in the passage.

Incorrect Options:

  • Option (B): While related to government intervention, the passage primarily emphasizes the apologists' belief in an "unregulated market" and its inherent capabilities, rather than focusing on the absence of government "protection." The core argument presented is against government control and regulation, not specifically protection.
  • Option (C): The passage mentions "their ability for self-correction" as a point of focus in debates concerning free market operations. However, the description of the apologists' ideological bias specifically links their assumptions to an "unregulated market" being "fair and competent," which is a broader concept encompassing more than just self-correction. Thus, while partially true, this option provides an incomplete representation of their belief as detailed in the passage.
  • Option (D): The passage does not discuss the concept of "free goods and services." This idea is not relevant to the arguments presented regarding capitalism, market mechanisms, or the beliefs of its proponents within the context of the given text.