Comprehension : Comprehension

Q 425 / 466

UPSC CSE Prelims 2012

Today’s developing economic use much less energy per capita than developed countries such as the United States did at similar incomes, showing the potential for lower-carbon growth. Adaptation and mitigation need to be integrated into a climate-smart development strategy that increases resilience, reduces the threat of further global warming, and improves development outcomes. Adaptation and mitigation measures can advance development, and prosperity can raise incomes and foster better institutions. A healthier population living in better-built houses and with access to bank loans and social security is better equipped to deal with a changing climate and its consequences. Advancing robust, resilient development policies that’ promote adaptation is needed today because changes, in the climate, already begun, will increase even in the short term.

Which of the following conditions is/are necessary for sustainable economic growth?

  1. Spreading of economic prosperity more.
  2. Popularizing/spreading of adaptive technologies widely.
  3. Investing on research in adaptation and mitigation technologies.

EXPLANATION

Correct Option (B)

Statements 2 and 3 are necessary conditions for sustainable economic growth, as derived from the passage.

  • Statement 2: Popularizing/spreading of adaptive technologies widely. The passage explicitly states that "Adaptation and mitigation need to be integrated into a climate-smart development strategy that increases resilience, reduces the threat of further global warming, and improves development outcomes." The widespread popularization and adoption of adaptive technologies are integral to implementing such a strategy, thereby contributing to sustainable economic growth.
  • Statement 3: Investing on research in adaptation and mitigation technologies. The emphasis on integrating "adaptation and mitigation" into a development strategy implies a continuous need for innovation and improvement in these areas. Investing in research is fundamental to developing new and more effective technologies and strategies for adaptation and mitigation, which are crucial for achieving long-term sustainable growth in the face of climate change.

Incorrect Options:

  • Statement 1: Spreading of economic prosperity more. The passage notes that "prosperity can raise incomes and foster better institutions" and that a healthier, well-resourced population is "better equipped to deal with a changing climate." While economic prosperity is presented as a factor that enhances resilience and improves development outcomes, the passage does not directly identify the spreading of economic prosperity as a necessary condition for sustainable economic growth itself. Instead, the primary conditions highlighted for sustainable growth relate to the integration of adaptation and mitigation measures.