Comprehension : Comprehension

Q 430 / 466

UPSC CSE Prelims 2012

Read the following passage and answer the items that follow. Your answers to these items should be based on the passage only.

The poor especially in market economies need the strength that collectivises offer for creating more economic, social and political space for themselves, for enhancing, their socioeconomic well-being and voice, and as a protection against free- market individualism. It has been argued that a group approach to farming, especially in the form of bottom up agricultural production collectivises, offers substantial scope for poverty as well as enhancing agricultural productivity. To realize this potential, however, the groups would need to be voluntary in nature, small in size, participative in decision making and equitable in work sharing and benefit distribution. There are many notable examples of such collectivises to be found in varied contexts, such as in the transition economies. All of them bear witness to the possibility of successful cooperation under given conditions. And although the gender impact of the family cooperatives in the transition economies are uncertain, the Indian examples of women-only groups farming offer considerable potential for benefiting women.
Agricultural collectivities such as group based farming can provide the rural poor

  1. empowerment
  2. increased agricultural productivity.
  3. safeguard against exploitative markets.
  4. surplus production of agricultural commodities.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

EXPLANATION

Correct Option

(b) Statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct based on the provided passage.

  • Empowerment: The passage indicates that collectivises help the poor by "creating more economic, social and political space for themselves, for enhancing, their socioeconomic well-being and voice," which directly corresponds to empowerment.
  • Increased agricultural productivity: The text explicitly states that a group approach to farming "offers substantial scope for... enhancing agricultural productivity."
  • Safeguard against exploitative markets: The passage mentions collectivises as "a protection against free-market individualism," which functions as a safeguard against potentially exploitative market dynamics.

Incorrect Options

Statement 4 is not supported by the passage.

  • Surplus production of agricultural commodities: While the passage discusses "enhancing agricultural productivity," it does not mention or imply the generation of "surplus production of agricultural commodities." The emphasis is on improving productivity and reducing poverty, rather than on creating an agricultural surplus.